- For authors
- ISSN 3070-1937
- Open access · CC BY 4.0
Instructions for Authors
How to prepare and submit a manuscript to the International Journal of Blood Transfusion: submission routes, article types, manuscript structure, reporting standards, ethics statements and fees.
Submission routes
Choose one of the three routes below.
- Primary route
ManuscriptZone
The publisher's online submission and review system. Register or sign in, choose the International Journal of Blood Transfusion and upload the manuscript files.
- Alternative route
Submission form
A single-page form that opens with the International Journal of Blood Transfusion selected.
- Assisted route
Editorial email
For authors who are unable to use either online route. Send the manuscript files with a cover letter to the editorial office.
Authors must use only one submission route for the same manuscript.
Article types
IJBT publishes the article types below. Requirements depend on the format: hypotheses, outcomes, power calculations and a Methods and Results structure apply where the design calls for them. The scope of each type is set out in the Aims and Scope.
Original Research
Empirical clinical, laboratory, operational or policy studies, including clinical trials, observational studies, laboratory investigations, quality-improvement studies and studies of the frequency of blood group antigens or phenotypes in a population.
- Abstract
- Structured: Background, Methods, Results, Conclusions.
- Main text
- Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions. State the research question and, where applicable, the hypotheses, primary and secondary outcomes and the sample-size calculation.
- Reporting
- The guideline for the design, for example CONSORT, STROBE, STARD or SQUIRE 2.0.
Review
Narrative and educational reviews, and Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, on a defined transfusion question. Scoping reviews that use systematic methods are included.
- Abstract
- Structured for systematic reviews; brief for narrative reviews.
- Main text
- For a systematic review: Introduction; Methods (eligibility criteria, information sources and the full search strategy, study selection, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment and synthesis); Results with a flow diagram; Discussion. Give the protocol registration, for example in PROSPERO, where applicable. A narrative review describes how the literature was identified and selected.
- Reporting
- PRISMA 2020; PRISMA-ScR for scoping reviews.
Short Communication
A concise report of a focused or preliminary finding.
- Abstract
- Brief, structured.
- Main text
- A condensed Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion centered on the main finding.
- Reporting
- As for Original Research, where applicable.
Case Report
An individual case or short case series with a lesson for transfusion practice, such as an unusual reaction, a rare antibody or phenotype, or a management problem with wider relevance.
- Abstract
- Brief, unstructured.
- Main text
- Introduction; case presentation, with a timeline where useful; investigations and management; discussion. Hypotheses and power calculations do not apply.
- Reporting
- CARE. Consent for publication from the patient or a legal guardian, or a waiver documented by the ethics committee, where applicable; identifying details removed.
Technical Note
A new, adapted or validated laboratory or operational method, and protocols for planned studies.
- Abstract
- Brief, with headings adapted to the method.
- Main text
- Rationale; a description of the method with the detail, materials or code others need to apply it; validation or a worked application, compared with existing approaches where available; limitations. A protocol sets out the design, outcomes, analysis plan, ethics approval and registration, and has no Results section.
- Reporting
- STARD for diagnostic methods, SPIRIT for trial protocols and PRISMA-P for review protocols, where applicable.
Clinical Practice Guideline
A guideline, consensus statement or best-practice recommendation on transfusion practice, with a description of the method used to develop it.
- Abstract
- Structured or unstructured, as suits the guideline.
- Main text
- Scope and target users; the group that developed the guideline and its conflict-of-interest management; the evidence review and the method used to reach recommendations; the recommendations, with the strength of each and the evidence supporting it; implementation and limitations.
- Reporting
- AGREE II and RIGHT, where applicable.
Commentary
An evidence-based argument on a current transfusion issue or on published research. Perspectives and viewpoints are submitted as Commentaries.
- Abstract
- Brief, unstructured.
- Main text
- Free structure with descriptive headings; claims supported by cited evidence and conclusions proportionate to it. Methods and Results sections are not required.
- Reporting
- Reference the evidence for each claim.
Letter
A brief response to an article published in IJBT, or a short observation relevant to transfusion.
- Abstract
- None.
- Main text
- Short text without section headings and with a small number of references. A letter about a published article cites it in full, and its authors may be invited to reply.
- Reporting
- Reference the article or evidence discussed.
Length. There are no fixed length limits for any article type; manuscripts should be concise and proportionate to their content.
Choosing a type. Where a manuscript sits between types, choose the closest type and explain the choice in the cover letter; the editors confirm the classification. A short case series is classified as a Case Report, a scoping review as a Review, a quality-improvement report as Original Research, a consensus statement as a Clinical Practice Guideline, and a study protocol as a Technical Note.
Preparing the manuscript
These requirements apply to every article type. The structure of the main text follows the guidance for the type above.
- Files
- The main text as an editable word-processing file (for example, Microsoft Word), with figures, tables that cannot be edited in the text, and supplementary material supplied as separate files.
- Title page
- A concise, informative title; full names, affiliations and ORCID iDs (recommended) of all authors; and the corresponding author's contact details.
- Double-blind review
- For double-blind review, remove author names, affiliations, acknowledgments, funding details, institution names, and other identifying information from the reviewer manuscript. Provide identifying information separately in the title-page file or submission form.
- Abstract
- As set for the article type. Structured abstracts use the headings Background, Methods, Results and Conclusions.
- Keywords
- A short list of specific, searchable terms; Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) are recommended.
- Terminology
- Name blood components, blood groups, antigens and antibodies with accepted terminology, define abbreviations at first use, and describe transfusion protocols, patient populations and laboratory methods precisely.
- Statistics
- Describe statistical methods in enough detail for replication; report effect estimates with confidence intervals, give exact p-values where statistical tests are used, and name the software and version.
- Declarations
- Author contributions (CRediT), funding, conflicts of interest, ethics approval and consent where applicable, data availability and any use of AI tools.
- Cover letter
- States the article type and the relevance of the work to transfusion medicine, confirms that the manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere, and notes any preprint and any request for double-blind review.
- Language
- Clear English, with abbreviations defined at first use.
Reporting guidelines
Report the study following the guideline that matches its design and upload the completed checklist as a supplementary file. The guidelines are available from the EQUATOR Network.
| Study design | Guideline |
|---|---|
| Randomized trials | CONSORT |
| Non-randomized evaluations of interventions | TREND |
| Observational studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) | STROBE |
| Studies using routinely collected health data | RECORD |
| Systematic reviews and meta-analyses | PRISMA 2020 |
| Scoping reviews | PRISMA-ScR |
| Trial and review protocols | SPIRIT; PRISMA-P |
| Diagnostic accuracy studies | STARD |
| Prediction models | TRIPOD |
| Qualitative research | SRQR or COREQ |
| Economic evaluations | CHEERS 2022 |
| Quality improvement studies | SQUIRE 2.0 |
| Clinical practice guidelines | AGREE II; RIGHT |
| Case reports | CARE |
| Animal research | ARRIVE 2.0 |
References, tables and figures
Prepare references, tables, figures and supplementary files as set out below.
- Reference style
- Numbered in order of first citation. List the first five authors, then et al., and give a DOI or stable URL where one exists. Authors are responsible for the accuracy of references.
- Tables
- Numbered consecutively, each with a descriptive title; abbreviations and symbols explained in a footnote. Tables are editable and agree with the results in the text.
- Figures
- High resolution (at least 300 dpi) in TIFF, EPS, PNG or high-quality JPEG, with a caption for each figure and text that remains legible after reduction.
- Supplementary files
- Numbered (for example, Supplementary Table S1), cited in the text and listed with short titles at the end of the manuscript. They are published as supplied, so they must be final and free of participant and donor identifiers.
- Reused material
- Written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce or adapt published figures, tables or text, unless the material is already available under a license that permits reuse; the source is cited in the legend.
Reference examples
- Journal article
- Author AA, Author BB, Author CC, Author DD, Author EE, et al. (Year) Title of the article. Journal Name. Volume(Issue):pages. DOI: 10.xxxx/xxxxx
- Book
- Author AA, Author BB (Year) Title of the Book. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher.
- Report or webpage
- Organization Name (Year) Title of the report or page. URL (accessed Month Day, Year)
- Dataset
- Author AA, Author BB (Year) Title of the dataset. Version. Repository Name. DOI or accession number
- Preprint
- Author AA, Author BB (Year) Title of the preprint. Preprint Server Name [Preprint]. DOI: 10.xxxx/xxxxx
- Trial registration
- Sponsor or Principal Investigator (Year) Title of the trial. Registry Name. Registration number. Registered Month Day, Year. URL
Ethics and declarations
Each manuscript includes the statements below that apply to it. The full policies are set out in the Editorial Policies.
Human participants
The name of the approving ethics committee or institutional review board and the approval reference number, and confirmation of informed consent, or a waiver documented by the ethics committee, where applicable. Studies of anonymized or routinely collected data state whether ethics review was required.
Blood donors and transfusion records
How consent was obtained or why it was not required, and how donor and recipient identities and records were protected.
Clinical trials
Interventional clinical trials must be registered in an accepted public trial registry at or before the first participant provides consent for enrollment. The registry name, registration number, and registration date must be reported in the manuscript.
Animal research
Approval from the institutional animal care and use committee or animal ethics committee with its reference number, compliance with animal-welfare regulations and the 3Rs, and reporting in line with the ARRIVE guidelines.
Case Reports
Informed consent for publication from the patient or a legal guardian, or a waiver documented by the ethics committee, where applicable, with identifying details removed.
Conflicts of interest and funding
All financial and non-financial interests of every author, each source of funding and the role of the funder.
Data availability
Every empirical research manuscript must include a data-availability statement. It explains where the data can be found or the conditions for access.
Use of AI tools
Any use of AI tools in writing, analysis or figure preparation, with the tool named and its use described. AI tools are not listed as authors.
Peer review and decisions
All submissions undergo initial editorial screening. Manuscripts that meet the journal's scope and minimum requirements proceed to independent peer review. Submitted manuscripts are checked with Crossref Similarity Check.
Single-blind by default; double-blind review is available on request.
Manuscripts that proceed to external peer review are normally evaluated by at least two independent subject-matter experts. Editorial decisions are based on scope, scientific quality, methodological rigor, ethical compliance, reporting quality, and relevance to the journal.
Revised manuscripts are accompanied by a point-by-point response to the reviewers' comments. After acceptance, authors check the proofs, and the article is published open access under CC BY 4.0 with a Crossref DOI.
Fees
USD 1,200 article processing charge for every article type.
The article processing charge is payable only after acceptance; withdrawal after submission is subject to the journal's withdrawal policy.
No charge is made at submission. Fee-relief inquiries are considered case by case; contact the editorial office before or at submission. Full details are on the Article Processing Charges page.
Final checklist
A fuller checklist and the submission routes are on the Submit Manuscript page.
- The manuscript addresses a question within the journal's scope and uses one of the article types above.
- The title page, abstract, keywords and main text follow the guidance for the article type.
- For double-blind review, the reviewer manuscript is anonymized and identifying information is in the title-page file.
- Ethics approval, informed consent, or a waiver documented by the ethics committee, where applicable, and trial registration are reported.
- The completed reporting checklist is attached where applicable.
- Declarations cover contributions, funding, conflicts of interest, data availability and AI use.
- Figures, tables and supplementary files are cited in the text, and permissions are in place for reused material.
- A cover letter accompanies the submission, which is made through one route only.
Author inquiries
Questions about preparing or submitting a manuscript can be sent to the editorial office at info@openaccesspub.org.