Editorial Policies

01 Peer review and editorial decisions

Single-blind by default; double-blind review is available on request.

All submissions undergo initial editorial screening. Manuscripts that meet the journal's scope and minimum requirements proceed to independent peer review. Manuscripts that proceed to external peer review are normally evaluated by at least two independent subject-matter experts.

In single-blind review, reviewers know the authors’ identities and authors are not told the reviewers’ identities. Authors who request double-blind review prepare an anonymized manuscript as described in the Instructions for Authors; when double-blind review is requested, editors ensure that author-identifying information is not shared with reviewers.

Editorial decisions are based on scope, scientific quality, methodological rigor, ethical compliance, reporting quality, and relevance to the journal. The handling editor makes the decision, informed by the reviewers’ reports, under the oversight of the Editor-in-Chief. Decisions are to accept, to request minor or major revision, or to reject. Reviewers’ comments are shared with the authors, and reviewers’ identities remain confidential. Guidance for reviewers and editors is given in the Reviewer Guidelines and Editors Guidelines.

02 Editorial independence

Editorial decisions rest with the journal’s editors and are independent of the article processing charge, of any fee-relief inquiry and of commercial considerations. Manuscripts submitted by the Editor-in-Chief, members of the editorial board or their close collaborators are handled by an editor without a conflict of interest, and the submitting editor takes no part in their review or decision.

03 Publication ethics

JAPB follows the guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Concerns about plagiarism, data fabrication or falsification, image manipulation, duplicate or redundant publication, citation manipulation and undisclosed conflicts of interest are investigated following COPE guidance, and may lead to rejection, correction or retraction.

04 Plant material, field work and biosafety

Authors identify plant material with accepted scientific names and, where applicable, cultivar, accession or germplasm source. Field collection and access to genetic resources follow national law and international agreements, including the Nagoya Protocol and CITES where they apply, and the manuscript gives permit numbers or states that none were required. Work with genetically modified organisms, including field trials, reports the institutional biosafety or regulatory approval and its reference. Voucher specimens for taxonomic and field studies are deposited in a recognized herbarium where practicable.

05 Research involving people or animals

Research involving human participants, identifiable human data or human biological material, for example ethnobotanical surveys or studies of plant-derived products in people, requires approval from an appropriate research ethics committee or institutional review board, where applicable, and informed consent or a documented waiver. Ethnobotanical work also respects the rights of the communities concerned and reports their prior informed consent where applicable.

Interventional clinical trials must be registered in an accepted public trial registry at or before the first participant provides consent for enrollment. The registry name, registration number, and registration date must be reported in the manuscript.

Studies involving animals require prior approval from the relevant animal ethics committee, stated in the manuscript with the approval reference number, and are reported in line with the ARRIVE guidelines.

06 Authorship and contributions

Authorship follows the ICMJE criteria: each author has made a substantial contribution to the work, has drafted or critically revised it, has approved the final version and agrees to be accountable for it. Contributions are described with the CRediT taxonomy, and people who contributed without meeting the criteria, including providers of writing or editorial assistance, are acknowledged. Changes to the author list after submission require the written agreement of every author and are handled following COPE guidance.

07 Conflicts of interest and funding

Authors disclose all financial and non-financial interests that could be seen to influence the work, including commercial interests, patent applications and material transfer agreements, and describe every source of funding together with the role of the funder. Disclosures are published with the article. Editors and reviewers declare any conflict of interest with a manuscript and are recused from handling it.

08 Research integrity and originality

Submitted manuscripts are screened with Crossref Similarity Check, powered by iThenticate. Editors assess each similarity report in context, including overlap with the authors’ own earlier work, before deciding how to proceed. Images, including gels, blots and micrographs, are presented without inappropriate manipulation, and original images may be requested.

Manuscripts submitted to JAPB report original work that has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal. Posting a preprint is compatible with submission; authors cite the preprint in the cover letter.

09 Data availability and reporting

Every empirical research manuscript must include a data-availability statement.

The statement explains where the data supporting the results can be found, such as a repository with a persistent identifier, or the conditions under which they can be accessed when restrictions apply. Sequence, expression and other omics data are deposited in the appropriate public database and the accession numbers are given in the article. Deposit of other data in a recognized repository is encouraged, and analysis code is shared where possible. See Data Archiving and Permissions.

Research is reported following the guideline that matches its design, for example ARRIVE, PRISMA or MIAPPE, and the completed checklist is submitted with the manuscript where applicable.

10 Use of artificial intelligence

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) and large-language-model tools are not listed as authors. Authors disclose any use of AI tools in preparing the manuscript, analyzing data or producing figures, naming the tool and describing its use in the Methods or Acknowledgments, and remain responsible for the accuracy, originality and integrity of the work.

Editors and reviewers keep manuscripts confidential. Reviewers must obtain journal permission before using AI to assist with a review. Any permitted use must be disclosed, and confidential manuscript content must not be uploaded where confidentiality cannot be assured.

11 Corrections and retractions

When an error or concern about a published article is identified, the journal publishes a correction, an expression of concern or a retraction, following the COPE retraction guidelines. Each notice is linked to the original article, and a retracted article remains available with the retraction clearly marked. Authors who find an error in their published work contact the editorial office.

12 Appeals and complaints

Authors may appeal an editorial decision by writing to the editorial office with a reasoned case that responds to the editors’ and reviewers’ comments. Each appeal is assessed by an editor who was not involved in the original decision, who may seek additional review.

Complaints about the journal’s processes, editors or publications are acknowledged, investigated confidentially and answered in writing. Appeals and complaints are sent to info@openaccesspub.org.

13 Open access, license and copyright

JAPB is an open-access journal. All articles are free to read, download, copy and distribute from the day of publication, without subscription or registration.

Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0), which permits anyone to share and adapt the work for any lawful purpose, provided the authors and the original publication are credited. Authors retain copyright in their work and may deposit any version of their article in institutional or subject repositories without embargo. See Copyright and License.

14 Fees

The article processing charge is USD 1,200 to USD 1,800 depending on the article type, as set out on the Article Processing Charges page. It is payable only after acceptance; withdrawal after submission is subject to the journal’s withdrawal policy.

Editorial decisions are independent of the charge and of any fee-relief inquiry.

15 Digital preservation

This journal’s content is committed to Portico, a not-for-profit digital-preservation archive run by ITHAKA (the organization behind JSTOR). As articles are deposited they enter Portico’s permanent archive, so the scholarly record stays available for the long term — even if a title one day ceases to publish.

Read our preservation policy. Each article also carries a Crossref DOI that resolves to its current location.